Placing Management of Sunflower Downy Mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni) under an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) System Approach: Challenges and New Perspectives

Sunflower is one of the major oil crops in world. Diseases such as sunflower downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. et de Toni) constitute a significant risk factor during production. Integrated pest management (IPM) considered an essential tool against mildew; however, pathogen variability repeatedly affects efficacy control measures. This article evaluates some vital elements disease and analyzes current challenges. In addition, we outlined options for future integration recent research achievements related to achieve more sustainable Finally, SWOT analysis was performed consider internal factors, strengths (S) weaknesses (W), external opportunities (O) threats (T) connected topic.